Hi,
we have 4 areas.....the most important one is the cabinet. On a budget speaker, you cannot make too complicated things, so you will have more unwanted output from ports or vibrations form side panels and so on. And of course, the surface is not veneer or paint, but just foil. But by optimising your few options, you can still make a proper cabinet.
For the drivers, I myself would not go too simple, even on budget drivers. All of them will have an aluminium compensation ring inside the magnet to bring down the distortion. In speakers like the ES14, we have a lot more options like Hybrid magnet systems (Neo and Ferrite) or injection moulded cones. Same for tweeters...you can make a nice one from Polyester, but with some more advanced materials, you can get better results.
The crossover parts can be better on the better speaker of course.
The last area is precision and care in production. A budget speaker has to rush through production, and you need to allow a tolerance in order to reach the final price. Speakers like the EPOS will have the drivers carefully measured, the speakers are running in before being tested again, and screws will be tightened to a special torque and redone after running in.
These are just some details about the differences. The basic concept behind the speakers is always the same. The problem here in ASR is that everything will be squeezed into the Spinorama thing and the philosophy is that everything that can't be measured like it is done, must be voodoo or a rip-off. Nothing wrong with the way of measurements here......definitely will show how much proper engineering has been used. However, I do not always agree with the interpretation of the results and I think those measurements do not cover everything that we can hear or show how much care has been used in production.
But in a way, ASR helps to find good devices for a lower price....making HiFi more affordable. Nothing wrong with that.