Amir:
Thanks for this -- I knew most of it but it is still a good refresher. Years ago I built a pair of modified Dyna MkII tube amps (with lots of extra joules of storage because, well, more is better) and somehow managed not to kill myself even though I had no idea what I was doing.
One thing that I'd love to understand but probably wouldn't belong in this basic explainer: you said (more or less) that all of the devices of interest in audio work in voltage amplification mode. There are a small number of (moving coil) phono sections out there now that claim to operate as transimpedence or current mode devices. I can't quite get my arms around how that works, why it might be advantageous, how it plays nice with other voltage source components, etc.
It might not appeal to many of your followers, but just thought I'd mention it.