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Effects of Earpads on Frequency Response and Sound of Over-Ear Headphones

poissonsratio

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Hello, looking for community input on this. What are all of your experience/opinions on the effects of earpads on the sound of over-ear headphones? Does it make a difference since I have read some other sources here on ASR that says the effects are minimal and that it is not worth measuring one headphone with multiple earpads for difference. However, other sources here claim some earpads can completely ruin the frequency response of the sound. It is obvious different earpads can change the size of the ear chamber and some have varying amounts of acoustic impedance due to things like venting.
 
Hello, looking for community input on this. What are all of your experience/opinions on the effects of earpads on the sound of over-ear headphones? Does it make a difference since I have read some other sources here on ASR that says the effects are minimal and that it is not worth measuring one headphone with multiple earpads for difference. However, other sources here claim some earpads can completely ruin the frequency response of the sound. It is obvious different earpads can change the size of the ear chamber and some have varying amounts of acoustic impedance due to things like venting.
AFAIK swapping earpads typically has the most impact on bass, as you note because of different pressurization due to vents or lack thereof. It won't make the same difference for every headphone.

I think you could also change the perceived FR by varying the distance from driver to ear, but I think the effect would be pretty unpredictable.

And welcome to ASR!
 
What are all of your experience/opinions on the effects of earpads on the sound of over-ear headphones?
Potentially massive. Putting Sennheiser HD580/600 etc. velour pads on a HD535 (which shipped with pleather pads) turned a boomy, hollow mess into an actually decent if slightly lean open headphone. I honestly believe that was 99% of the difference between HD535 and HD545 back in the day.

Earpads definitely need to be picked carefully.
 
Hello, looking for community input on this. What are all of your experience/opinions on the effects of earpads on the sound of over-ear headphones? Does it make a difference since I have read some other sources here on ASR that says the effects are minimal and that it is not worth measuring one headphone with multiple earpads for difference. However, other sources here claim some earpads can completely ruin the frequency response of the sound. It is obvious different earpads can change the size of the ear chamber and some have varying amounts of acoustic impedance due to things like venting.
Yes, they can make a difference depending on the pads and acoustic design of the headphone the difference can be between hardly no change to completely f'ed up tonality even when pads look the same at a first glance.

 
Yes, they can make a difference depending on the pads and acoustic design of the headphone the difference can be between hardly no change to completely f'ed up tonality even when pads look the same at a first glance.

I’ve been following your blog for a while now and truly enjoy your posts, especially the depth with which you explore the technical aspects of audio gear. Thank you for your valuable contributions to the audio community!

I currently own a pair of Shure SRH1540s. I noticed in your posts that you’ve experimented with using the Alcantara pads from the SRH1540 on other headphones. However, I’m curious about the reverse—how does the SRH1540 perform with different pads, specifically pleather pads? I have a few reasons for asking:

  • I’m looking for better isolation, and pleather pads seem like a good option. There are several aftermarket pleather pads available that I can easily source.
  • The stock Alcantara pads on my pair are quite worn out from the previous owner, so I need to replace them anyway.
I’d love to hear your thoughts on how pleather pads affect the performance of the SRH1540.

Thanks in advance for your advice!
 
pleather pads cannot be used on the 1540. The bass response relies on the 'leaky' aspects of these pads. Without the pads being leaky the bass response will be much higher than it is now and will become more seal dependent.

And yes, the pad quality is not great. While alcantara is a luxury fabric often used in car seats, the pad material used starts to fall apart way too soon. I am disapointed in the pad quality as well. That being said, pads are considered consumables and Shure does offer them... sadly rather expensive.
 
pleather pads cannot be used on the 1540. The bass response relies on the 'leaky' aspects of these pads. Without the pads being leaky the bass response will be much higher than it is now and will become more seal dependent.

And yes, the pad quality is not great. While alcantara is a luxury fabric often used in car seats, the pad material used starts to fall apart way too soon. I am disapointed in the pad quality as well. That being said, pads are considered consumables and Shure does offer them... sadly rather expensive.
So, from my understanding, if I use pleather pads, the bass response will be increased. So, if I use the pleather pads, can I use EQ to tame the low-frequency response? Or is it just unusable?
 
Considering the lows are already elevated it will be substantially more.
Also treble quality might be affected.
No way to tell unless it is measured.
 
Related to this I did a little experiment with some cheap headphones I bought recently. The Thieaudio Ghost, I probably bought them the same time as @solderdude as Linsoul do sell them cheap whenever they have a sale on (typically for $49.99).

At the normal price they are not worth it but at $49.99 they are good for a project like this but I would agree with Solderdude review findings, that they have too much bass distortion at higher volumes so mostly only good for normal listening volumes (also see my measurements in a bit).

At the same time, I bought FiiO new usb-c dongle (with 5 band PEQ) the JA11 from Aliexpress (for something like $9), my original idea was to 'permanently' fix the Frequency response of the Ghost with the JA11 cable so that when using the Ghost on my iPhone or with my MacBook Pro, i.e. always use the JA11 with the Ghost and not worry about different PEQ Applications.

Note: I have a KB501X soft ear pinna and a 711 clone coupler - which is good, in my opinion, for 'relative' measurements (I have measured a bunch of my other headphones already with this gear e.g. the HD600 which the Ghost was being compared with originally) so comparing different headphones that I have measured with the Ghost is a reasonable exercise (and certainly a fun exercise).

But then I didn't like the comfort and general flexibility of the Ghost so I thought sure buy some more comfortable earpads, I had a few already but since I was going to measure and hopefully fix the FR using the JA11, that I would try some 'deep foam' earpads (and keeping inline with my doing this on the cheap i.e. < $10 ) - again I decided to buy from Aliexpress specifically this largest 120mm x 100mm here ).

FYI: This is what they look like on the Ghost:
IMG_2562 Medium.jpeg

I understood it would change the frequency response but I was probably not prepared for how much it would change with these pads.

So, onto my measurements.

First - here is a comparison of the Stock earpads on the Ghost compared to my HD600:
graph-37.png

So I can see how it was mentioned as a HD600 competitor as far as the bass FR but the upper midrange and treble are far away from the Harman Target curve.

Here is the distortion I was getting with the stock pads, so some bass distortion even at relatively normal listening volumes:
Thieaudio Ghost Original Distortion.jpg

So, I thought 'fixing' the Bass to Harman with the stock pads would actually only cause more distortion.

Now with the Aliexpress 'deep plush' earpads I got the following change to FR:

graph-38.png

Obviously, both the bass and treble have change significantly for the worse but given I would be 'fixing' this with the PEQ on the JA11 I wasn't too concerned.

One funny thing I noticed this change made the FR similar in some respects to the Eris (i.e Zeos Pantera's new collab with Harmonicdyne) - which has similar deep ( though I imagine much higher quality ) earpads:

graph-35.png

Though the Ghost with these Aliexpress earpads is arguable easier to EQ.

So, now with the JA11 - you can apply 5 PEQ filters using either their FiiO Android Application or using their website https://fiiocontrol.fiio.com (only on a Chrome based browser like Chrome, Chromium, Arc, Edge etc).

So I came up with the following simple filters - actually just 4 of them so I have some wiggle room in the treble:
ja11-filters.jpeg

Then remeasuring the Ghost + new Earpads + JA11 with PEQ:
graph-36 copy.png

So the reason I left one of the PEQ filters was to remove that 13K/14K peak but since this area is badly measured on these KB501x - I think that area should be done manually to preference.

Then finally I thought he distortion measurements with these changes were slightly more promising i.e. playing 'harman OE' bass at 86dB (rather than 80dB for the roughly the same distortion with the original pads):
Thieaudio Ghost JA11 Distortion.jpg


Obviously still not perfect but good enough for me to decide this fun exercise was a success, e.g. for roughly $70 I have a reasonable well tuned and now very comfortable headphone.

Here are some more pictures.

The new earpads compared to the originals:
IMG_2563 Medium.jpeg

And finally with the JA11 attached:
IMG_2751_Medium.jpeg

Anyway, I hope people found this interesting.
 
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Considering the lows are already elevated it will be substantially more.
Also treble quality might be affected.
No way to tell unless it is measured.
Thank you for your response. I was wondering if you could try using the pleather pads from the SRH880A on the SRH1540. I believe this experiment would be valuable, especially since used SRH1540s are relatively affordable nowadays while still being an excellent choice for closed-back headphones. Additionally, aftermarket pleather earpads are more readily available and cost-effective compared to the stock pads. I appreciate your consideration and look forward to your insights. Thanks in advance!
 
I don't have a SRH1540, I do own the SRH-840A so the difference between the 840A and the 840A fitted with 1540 pads will be the same.
red-stock-pads-green-hpaec1540-pads.png


When you add the difference between these pads above on top of the 1540 plot below you can get an idea of the resultant frequency response of the SRH-1540 with 840A pads.
fr-srh1540.png


The result will be a much more 'bloated' sound a bit similar to that of a Meze 99 (shown below) but not with the 4kHz dip.
fr-99-classic.png
 
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I replaced the pads on my HD800S with thicker sheepskin pads. I didn't notice much change. Maybe very slightly more bass, but I could have imagined that.

Wanted a bit more clamping force. I didn't make the change for sound.
 
Is it safe to say that on open headphones like the hd650 that changing ear pads would make much less difference?
 
I replaced the pads on my HD800S with thicker sheepskin pads. I didn't notice much change. Maybe very slightly more bass, but I could have imagined that.

Wanted a bit more clamping force. I didn't make the change for sound.
Have bought those too...
hd800-pad-tests.png


pads.jpg

pad-rear.jpg
 
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