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Marantz CINEMA 70s AVR - Teardown, personal thoughts and a few measurements

trl

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Marantz CINEMA 70s AVR has been recently reviewed by @amirm here and I had it purchased online a couple of hours prior to the above review to be published on ASR. Also, audio.com.pl had it reviewed earlier as well.

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Front side with the Inputs selector

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Front side with the Volume rotary knob

I bought it for improving movies listening experience in an audio surround environment, for its PRE-OUT outputs for all its 7 channels, but also because it was the only AVR with a low height I’ve seen on the market at a reasonable price. I paid for it 646 EUR on amazon.de with free shipping, so it’s an OK price I’d say. I had it connected to a couple of Canton GLE 496 as Front speakers, one Magnat S 14C as Center, a couple of JBL Control 28-1 as Surrounds, a couple of JBL Control 23-1 as Front Height / Atmos and a SVS SB-3000 subwoofer.

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Rear view with the PRE-OUT outputs

For those willing to read the Datasheet can have a look here or to the infosheet here, while the Owner’s Manual can be read here while its PDF version can be download from here.

I did like the way it was packed inside, very organised and all items were safely arranged in there, without using a lot of cardboard, but also protecting just fine the inside equipment and accessories. The corners were also perfectly protected and the cardboard was of a good quality and hard to bend. The new design of the CINEMA series is definitely better than the old one that I have known for a couple of decades. A TV attached would be needed to set everything up, as the AVR will not operate otherwise, not even as a stereo amplifier. So, all relays will remain open until the setup gets finished.

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Top shot of the packaging

The startup takes about 30 seconds, probably a bit longer than I was expecting, but this is something normal for all contemporary AVRs that are filled with several chips inside and each chip has its own startup time, then they all need to sync together and work in such a way a central microprocessor tells them to.

The Setup menus are similar to other’s AVRs from the market, with lots of settings from where you can set up both Audio and Video, but also the ubiquitous Audyssey settings from where you calibrate your audio setup, but you can also manually modify the calibrated audio measurements as per your liking. An ADC chip, I wasn't able yet to identify it, is handling the analogue Mic-input for the Audyssey microphone, so the AVR to be able to calibrate its sound by reprogramming the settings inside the DSP chips to modify the audio coming from each speaker in a way to make for the listener the best audio experience for its home theatre. It basically corrects phase issues, timing between channels, volume levels, but it also has a parametric equalizer that corrects deeps and peaks to flatten the sound and to make it sound as good as a "reference" audio system

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Very accurate distance measurements, except for the subwoofer where it's not 4.74 m, instead it's 3.80 m

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Speakers levels after Audyssey calibration can later be modified if needed

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High pass filters for each set of speakers can also be adjusted by the user

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Bass LFE crossover can be adjusted later if needed

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Bass can be extracted from the Front channels as well and the crossover frequency can be manually altered when needed

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Audissey EQ curve from my CINEMA 70s in my living room

The Power On Level can be set to a desired value between 1 and 98 or to Mute or to Last, but it can also be set to a hard limit between 60 and 80 which might be a good thing if you don’t want someone else to increase the max. volume past this level. I set it up myself to 80 which is a reasonable high value for my living room and this way will ensure that the amplifier itself will not overheat and our hearing will not be damaged at the same time.

When I want to listen louder I connect the PRE-OUT of the Front channels to my Yamaha A-S701 external amplifier, this way the internal power supply of the CINEMA 70s will be able to deliver more current to the remaining five channels achieving lower distortions for the output stages. The volume level for the A-S701 I need to set it up to precisely 12:30 o’clock to match the exact output level of the CINEMA 70s, then I set master volume through the CINEMA 70s’s volume knob that will change the volume on all the five channels and on the two Front PRE-OUTs connected to A-S701 at the same time.

The case is not grounded and the power plug is also a 2-pin model, so the amplifier is an IEC Class 2 device, more details here. However, there is a dedicated grounding screw on the backside, but this is most likely to get all the audio sources to the same potential in case of hum noises.

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Bottom part of the mains plug

An audio DSP chip made by Cirrus Logic CS49844A-CQZ is located on the main board. As per manufacturer wrote: “The DSPs support all legacy DVD audio codecs and all Blu-ray Disc® audio formats, along with enough DSP capacity to support a wide variety of concurrent post processing algorithms all in a single chip without need for external memory”, so I suppose it’s used to decode all 70s’s audio formats for music playing.


Another chip marked R5F564MJCDFC, from the RX64M family of MCU’s manufactured by Renesas, is a 120-MHz 32-bit RX MCU with on-chip FPU, a 3 Mbytes internal flash memory and 512 Kbytes RAM. It seems to be taking care of Ethernet communications and USB communications too.

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The microcontroller that seems to take care of Ethernet and UCB communications

A Pango PGC1KG 6CFBG256 programmable chip is part of the Compa series of FPGA chips (see also https://www.audiosciencereview.com/forum/index.php?threads/understanding-fpgas.249/) “suitable for system configuration, interface expansion and bridging, board-level power management, power-on sequence management, and sensor fusion. and other application requirements, it is widely used in communications, consumer electronics, drones, industrial control and other fields”. It supports 1276 LUT4 operations and 1595 flip-flop numbers.

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The FCPGA chips that takes care of main board operations

A Panasonic MN864788 integrated circuit is most likely handling the remote control operations, but it’s hard to find the datasheet for this chip, nor schematic examples using it. However, it appears to be widely used in Denon / Marantz receivers.

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The microcontroller that seems to take care of IR remote operations

Four PCM5102A and one PCM5100A DAC chips are handling digital to analogue audio streams decoding for all the 7+2 channels.

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The DAC chips that handles Digital to Analogue conversion of the audio streams
View attachment 336993
PCM510xA DAC chips specs differences

The mains AC voltage that comes from the transformer is regulated by a 25A D25XB60 bridge rectifier followed by a couple of 6800 uF / 63V @105C electrolytic capacitors.

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The two 6800 @ 105C filtering electrolytic capacitors following the AC / DC bridge rectifier

There are a few 3-pin fixed linear regulators, manufactured by KIA Semiconductor Technology, following the above bridge rectifier, like 7805 for the +5V rail, 7807 for +7V and 7907 for -7V, that along with many other smaller regulators from the electronic boards are providing power to all the stages of this AV, but also to the relays and to logic components from the main board.

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The AC / DC bridge rectifier and the linear regulators around


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A couple of fuses that located around the bridge rectifier

The output power stage is built around seven pairs of complementary Darlington transistors: SANKEN 2SB1560 being PNP and SANKEN 2SD2390 being NPN. These are 10 A and 150 W powerful transistors used in many AV receivers, some of them having twice CINEMA 70s’s power, so at least in theory, with a beefier power supply and with active cooling this AVR could be transformed into a more powerful one, tough some say that the on-die biasing resistor might get damaged in case of overheating. Not just Denon / Marantz are using these transistors models, but also Pioneer, Onkyo, Cambridge Audio and perhaps other manufacturers too.

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A pair of SANKEN 2SB1560/2SD2390 Darlington transistors from the output stage

Below there is a schematic with the amplifier inside the Onkyo A-9010 AVR that is built around the same 2SB1560/2SD2390 pair of transistor, that seems to have a similar output power as the reviewed one:

onkyo-a-9010-amp-jpg.649206

Onkyo A-9010 Audio Video Receiver ampilfier schematic

There is an Auto Power Off feature implemented in CINEMA 70s that takes care of two zones independently: Main zone consists of five internal amplifiers 5ch+Sub1, while Zone 2 consists of the remaining two internal amplifiers 2ch+Sub2 from Surround Back R+L, but it can also take care of all 7.2 channels, depending on the settings we choose from the Settings menu. This will ensure that when we're listening to 5.1 environment the remaining couple of channels could get into a stand-by mode and vice-versa, when we listen to Zone 2 stereo speakers the remaining 5 channels will get into a low power state according to the Power Off settings we set up. Basically, if the AVR is not going to be used for the no. of minutes/hours that was setup earlier then it will automatically shut off entirely or only one of the two Zones.

Another energy saving feature is also the Eco Mode that allows energy saving when set to ON. With Eco Mode set to OFF I measured an idle power consumption between 25.8-27 W, while with Eco Mode set to ON it got lowered to 18.5-19 W, so quite a low idling power consumption for an AVR. Exactly the same 18-19 W value I was getting while listening to a low power level late evening. Compared with my stereo amplifier (Yamaha A-S701) that has an idle power consumption of about 20-25 W, the CINEMA 70s with its 27 W seems resonable to me, especially the 17 W value with Eco Mode turned ON).

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Eco Mode setting turned to OFF

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Eco Mode setting turned to ON

For those willing to use this AVR on moderate levels for watching movies I think they might experiment with different power levels until they find the “sweat spot” that will better blend energy consumption and output power. However, below are a few Eco Mode ON vs. OFF measurements and my 2 cents thoughts as well.

With Eco Mode turned OFF I measured on Front outputs a SINAD of 75.1 dB at about 5 W / 4 Ohms and turning this feature ON lowered the SINAD to 59.7 dB, so a decrease of about 15 dB in SINAD and also in THD+N. Similar measurements done for about 21.5 W @ 4 Ohms showed that SINAD decreases from 80.7 dB to 43.5 dB, meaning a difference of 37.2 dB, so increasing the volume when Eco Mode is turned OFF may not be a good idea, unless energy consumption matters more than audio quality.

I was able to measure at 5 W / 4 Ohms (approx. 4.5-4.6 V RMS @ 4.1 Ohms) a SINAD of 75.1 dB on the Front Right channel and about 69.9 dB on the Front Left channel, a SINAD of 78.5 dB on the Surround Right channel and 77.5 dB on the Surround Left channel. It's interesting to see that the Surround channels are a bit better in terms of SINAD / THD+N than the Front ones, kind of unexpected.

Increasing the volume a bit more, to about 22 W / 4 Ohms (approx. 9.4-9.4 V RMS @ 4.1 Ohms) improves SINAD results to 80.6 dB for the Front Right channel and to -73 dB for the Left one, while the Surround gets to -80.8 dB for the Right channel.

What's very interesting is the difference between the SINAD figures when comparing ECO Mode OFF vs. ON. For the Right Front channel there's an increase from 75.1 dB to 59.7 dB @ 5W and from 80.7 dB to 43.5 dB, so much worse than the distortions at 5 W, which is quite normal given that enabling the ECO Mode feature means lowering the voltage for the output stage. To summarise, the ECO feature does a good job for low output levels up to 10W / channel, while for higher output levels it should be left OFF or to AUTO to ensure that the distortions will not become audible. Worth mentioning that a SINAD of 43.5 dB means 0.668%, but most people don't perceive distortions if below 1%.

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Front channel Right, SINAD of 75.1 dB, 5W @4Ohms, Eco Mode OFF

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Front channel Right, SINAD of 59.7 dB, 5W @4Ohms, Eco Mode ON

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Front channel Right, SINAD of 80.7 dB, 21.5W @4Ohms, Eco Mode OFF

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Front channel Right, SINAD of 43.5 dB, 21.5W @4Ohms, Eco Mode ON

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Surround Right channel, SINAD of 78.5 dB, 5W @4Ohms, Eco Mode OFF

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Surround Right channel, SINAD of 80.8 dB, 21.5W @4Ohms, Eco Mode OFF
I haven't noticed a better SINAD result when using Pure Direct, though the "skirt" around the fundamental signal disappears completely with Pure Direct pushed, so the output signal is cleaner when Pure Direct is pushed, although this doesn’t change the final THD+N results.

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Pure Direct on Front channel Right, SINAD of 74.7 dB, 5W @4Ohms, Eco Mode OFF


How is Marantz / Denon achieving such an energy saving with this Eco Mode feature? They added a rather big and powerful relay HF115F / 012-2ZS4A 8A/250VAC on the main board that seems to switch on-the-fly from one winding of the transformer to another one, decreasing the AC voltage that powers the bridge rectifier shown a few paragraphs above. I measured 96.5 VDC on +/- rails of the bridge when Eco Mode is turned OFF and 38.53 VDC with this setting turned ON, an unexpected big difference. What’s important is that turning the Eco Mode OFF is indeed saving a lot of energy. Another example is when I was listening to a rather compressed song to a bit over 90 dB peaks and I’ve noticed that by turning the Eco Mode ON decreased energy consumption from 96 W to 47 W maintaining the same output level; audibly it was very difficult for me to notice the increase in distortions, although focusing only on the bass I think it was a slight difference.

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DC voltage with Eco Mode turned OFF

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DC voltage with Eco Mode turned ON

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The relay for ECO Mode setting is in the bottom-right of the image\

Below I'm posting a few pics with the internals. I find the modular design and implementation to be easier to service, at least for the authorised repair services where they simply swap the defective module with a new one.

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The AC transformer is on the left, the 14 powerful output transistors are on the bottom

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On the mid-left, with heatsink on top, there is the MBBVOP13082E module that takes care of wireless comms.
On the right there is the small power supply that takes care of powering the device On / Off.


When listening loudly to music tracks on all 7 channels, the inside temperature of the hottest components from the upper board gets to 60 - 63 C, while the output stage’s heatsink reaches 53 - 56 C, with top case taken off; I expect with the case back on and with the AVR placed in small cabinet / rack or inside the furniture things to get much hotter inside, with at least 10 C more, especially when listening to music on all 7 speakers.

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Given the passive cooling of the CINEMA 70s, I would recommend this AVR to be placed on a well ventilated place, same being recommended by the manufacturer as well, as per Owner’s Manual (PDF manual here):

“Power turns off and the protection circuit indicator flashes in orange approx. every 2 seconds.
  • The protection circuit has been activated due to a rise in temperature within this unit. Turn the power off, wait about an hour until this unit cools down sufficiently, and then turn the power on again. (v p. 276)
  • Please re-install this unit in a place having good ventilation.”

Marantz CINEMA 70s also has more protections in place that turns the device OFF in case of a short-circuit on the speaker cables or in case one of the speakers gets accidentally removed while playing, as per below:

“Power turns off and the protection circuit indicator flashes in orange approx. every 0.5 seconds.
  • Check the speaker connections. The protection circuit may have been activated because speaker cable core wires came in contact with each other or a core wire was disconnected from the connector and came in contact with the rear panel of this unit. After unplugging the power cord, take corrective action such as firmly re-twisting the core wire or taking care of the connector, and then reconnect the wire. (v p. 34)
  • Turn down the volume and turn on the power again. (v p. 70)
  • This unit’s amplifier circuit has failed. Unplug the power cord and contact our customer service center.”
Thank you for reading and I'm wishing Merry Christmas to all Christians and Happy Hollidays and a Happy New Year to all of us!
 
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More detailed output stage pictures. The design is modular and the entire output stage plate can be taken out and repaired or swapped in case of becoming defective. All 14 powerful output transistors an the 7 drivers seem to make a good thermal contact with the heatsink due to the thermal paste used.

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More detailed output stage pictures. The design is modular and the entire output stage plate can be taken out and repaired or swapped in case of becoming defective. All 14 powerful output transistors an the 7 drivers seem to make a good thermal contact with the heatsink due to the thermal paste used.
Thanks for the detailed review. I got one for the same price too. Do you think there is a potential for modding and would it be worth doing ? Or just use external amps?
 
You are picking up a quite a bit lower THD+N compared to that in Amirs review, especially ECO off mode @ 21-22W out at 4 ohm. While Amir got around -63/-68 dB THD+N you get -73/-80 dB. This is 10-12 dB lower, which is quite a bit.
 
Thanks for the detailed review. I got one for the same price too. Do you think there is a potential for modding and would it be worth doing ? Or just use external amps?
Well, in theory a beefier transformer and power supply might help, also I'm not sure how would anyone be able to fit a bigger transformer inside this low-height case. However, even if adding an external supply (hypothetical speaking) this means that more heat will get generated, so active cooling will be needed though. Also, increasing biasing current might help in getting a bit lower THD, but again the heat generated will increase.

An external amp will definitely help with internal cooling and will ease up the power supply which will have more current to provide to the remaining five channels. But still adding an exteranl amplifier will not increase the total output volume, because the fron tspeakers will still need to remain on the same volume level, otherwise there will appear an inbalance between front speakers and the remaining speakers from the home theatre.
 
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You are picking up a quite a bit lower THD+N compared to that in Amirs review, especially ECO off mode @ 21-22W out at 4 ohm. While Amir got around -63/-68 dB THD+N you get -73/-80 dB. This is 10-12 dB lower, which is quite a bit.
I see indeed a 7 dB better SINAD @5W, while around 20W Amir found that peak that messes his graph, but I don't think my 70s has it. I've used COSMOS ADC to do the measurements and the DAC usd as signal generator was Topping D90 MQA; in loopback mode I got a nice clean SINAD of a bit over 119 dB, pretty close to 120 dB.

I was testing all seven channel for over 2 hours and I got pretty consistent results, differences being within +/-0.5 dB range, but this might also be caused by temperature variations. I can retest if needed, but for now I think that the 230V model might have a different biasing current setup by manufacturer or might be something else we're not aware of.

I can probably try adjusting the biasing current and see if this modifies the SINAD significantly.
 
Thanks for the detailed review, @trl! I do think a number of reviewers and commenters get stuck on the list price (admittedly high!) and try to fit this AVR into a box that was not the target of the design or function of this unit.

I just plugged in a 70s, also purchased well below retail, into our 2.1 system to replace an NAD stereo receiver from the late 90s. We needed something that could be the hub between our Apple TV, Nintendo Switch, turntable, and projector in the living room. Given the location, we did not want a hulking chassis. Aesthetics, fit into our existing cabinet, and ease of use/UI were important for something the whole family will use. To some it may be a small thing, but the quality feeling and backlit remote was also a factor.

The system we deploy in that living room will always be modest even as we move to more channels. We are not serial upgraders with our home tech and believe the 8K features and full pre-outs will allow the unit to serve is either in that room or elsewhere for a long time even if we do get more ambitious.

I did buy the upgraded Audyssey app, but am going to hold on correction until the living room is no longer set up for Christmas.

I’m interested to hear what others’ use cases are for the 70s.
 
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The lack of shielding inside a modern AVR, particularly for the digital section, always surprises me. I guess they are being run on such low power now that the radiation is minimal.
 
Thanks for the detailed review. I got one for the same price too. Do you think there is a potential for modding and would it be worth doing ? Or just use external amps?

Seeing the picture of the DACs section, with separate stereo DACs with relatively big and accesible pins, it seems to be, in principle, a very easy candidate to do the spdif outputs mod as described here:


worth it? I don't know.
 
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The lack of shielding inside a modern AVR, particularly for the digital section, always surprises me. I guess they are being run on such low power now that the radiation is minimal.

Take a look at recent cable set-top boxes and/or satellite TV receivers. Their main boards share a lot of similarities with the digital sections (HDMI boards) of AVRs. And many cable boxes and satellite TV receivers come in plastic chassis, sometimes with a little metal shielding inside, sometimes practically none at all. Low power, lots of consolidation into a few ICs, and fairly short traces keeps radiation in hand.
 
Take a look at recent cable set-top boxes and/or satellite TV receivers. Their main boards share a lot of similarities with the digital sections (HDMI boards) of AVRs. And many cable boxes and satellite TV receivers come in plastic chassis, sometimes with a little metal shielding inside, sometimes practically none at all. Low power, lots of consolidation into a few ICs, and fairly short traces keeps radiation in hand.
The older set-top boxes had gobs of shielding, so most certainly a sea-change in design has happened.
 
PCM5102A with -93 dB THD isn't exactly top shelf but probably ok given the performance of the output stages.

What surprises me more is that output stage performance degrades that much in Eco mode. At 5 W into 4 R, even the reduced voltage should have plenty headroom. So what is going on? Are the output transistors getting underbiased? Or even worse, are the LTP and VAS getting a lower bias current, too?
 
I see indeed a 7 dB better SINAD @5W, while around 20W Amir found that peak that messes his graph, but I don't think my 70s has it. I've used COSMOS ADC to do the measurements and the DAC usd as signal generator was Topping D90 MQA; in loopback mode I got a nice clean SINAD of a bit over 119 dB, pretty close to 120 dB.

I was testing all seven channel for over 2 hours and I got pretty consistent results, differences being within +/-0.5 dB range, but this might also be caused by temperature variations. I can retest if needed, but for now I think that the 230V model might have a different biasing current setup by manufacturer or might be something else we're not aware of.

I can probably try adjusting the biasing current and see if this modifies the SINAD significantly.
You also see jitter skirts, which Amir did not using the Toslink input but did so with analog input. The jitter skirts are there in NR1710 as well when the DAC is in the loop. A few more questions then:

Did you test both analog and digital input? (and which one is in your graphs?)
What input level did you use, and what volume setting?

Edit:

And in the case for bias, at least they should be adjusted to be identical for each amp? This is what I have for the NR1710:

Skärmavbild 2023-12-26 kl. 10.38.14.png
 
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PCM5102A with -93 dB THD isn't exactly top shelf but probably ok given the performance of the output stages.
A shame they use parts with so low performance which ruins the pre outs as well... Would cost very little to use say 4 x CS43198 or AK4439S instead.
 
You also see jitter skirts, which Amir did not using the Toslink input but did so with analog input. The jitter skirts are there in NR1710 as well when the DAC is in the loop. A few more questions then:

Did you test both analog and digital input? (and which one is in your graphs?)
What input level did you use, and what volume setting?

Edit:

And in the case for bias, at least they should be adjusted to be identical for each amp? This is what I have for the NR1710:

View attachment 337161
Interesting. Is the NR1710 the Denon equivalent to the Marantz here? What is the size of the emitter resistors? If 0R22, this is just 9 mA when not in Eco mode, so maybe even less in Eco?
 
Interesting. Is the NR1710 the Denon equivalent to the Marantz here? What is the size of the emitter resistors? If 0R22, this is just 9 mA when not in Eco mode, so maybe even less in Eco?
The NR1710 is the same Marantz slim AVR base series, followed by the NR1711 and then the 70s. They are all the same "base" with minor modifications between units. I have the whole service manual. It reads 0.22 Ohm.
 
Hi

@trl ... Above and beyond. Great review! Thanks!

Off topics:
The ECO mode is of great interest to me. I am virtually off-grid ... since the "grid" in my country provides less than 3 hours of electricity per day... if we're lucky...
Do the new Denon x800 series (X-3800 et al) provide similar energy savings, in ECO mode? My current Denon AVR-X3400 acting as a preamp only since diving active speakers, consume 65 watts .. on ECO mode



Happy holidays!

Peace.
 
Hi

@trl ... Above and beyond. Great review! Thanks!

Off topics:
The ECO mode is of great interest to me. I am virtually off-grid ... since the "grid" in my country provides less than 3 hours of electricity per day... if we're lucky...
Do the new Denon x800 series (X-3800 et al) provide similar energy savings, in ECO mode? My current Denon AVR-X3400 acting as a preamp only since diving active speakers, consume 65 watts .. on ECO mode



Happy holidays!

Peace.
Well, you can probably reduce the idle current to zero then. Or cut the supply to the power stages hoping some supervisory circuit will not detect this.
 
Great review, great details. Eco mode still burns 19 W each hour. That makes 456 W/d or 13 kW/mo or 156 kW/yr. Considering that overall (generation + distribution) each kW costs about 20 cents of a Dollar, you end up wasting almost $ 30/year for the “Eco” mode, not to mention the potential environmental cost. What is the downside of turning off the AV with a master switch on a distribution outlet? Do you loose all the AV settings?
 
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