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Age-Related Changes in Auditory Sensation
Jos J. Eggermont, in
The Auditory Brain and Age-Related Hearing Impairment, 2019
2.1.3 Extended High-Frequency Audiometry
High-frequency hearing loss typically manifests itself around age 50 in standard audiometry (cf. Fig. 2.1) but becomes more obvious, even at younger ages, when frequencies above 8 kHz are included. Lee et al. (2005) demonstrated this in a longitudinal study by analyzing pure-tone thresholds for standard and extended high-frequency audiometry in 188 older adults. At the time of entry into the study, people’s ages ranged from 60 to 81 years, with a mean age of 68 years. The participants were tested between 2 and 21 times over a period of 3–11.5 years. Lee et al. (2005) found that, on average, hearing thresholds increased approximately 1 dB/year for subjects age 60 and over. Subjects with higher initial thresholds at low and mid frequencies tended to have a faster rate of threshold change at 0.25–2 kHz in the following years. Subjects with higher initial thresholds at mid and higher frequencies tended to have a slower rate of change at 6–8 kHz in the following years. Noise exposure history did not have a significant effect on the rate of threshold changes. Extended high-frequency thresholds at 9–18 kHz were measured every 2–3 years. As expected, hearing loss was larger in males than in females for frequencies between 2 and 12 kHz, but not ≤1 kHz and >12 kHz. Langers et al. (2012) and Melcher et al. (2013) corroborated this in tinnitus patients with “clinically normal” hearing, that is, with thresholds ≤20 dB HL for frequencies ≤8 kHz, and matched with a nontinnitus control group. Both studies found that the hearing loss increased sharply up to 16 kHz.
A life-span audiometric study that also covered the extended high-frequency range was carried out by Jilek et al. (2014). A sample of 411 otologically normal men and women 16–70 years of age was assessed for both ears using a high-frequency audiometer (Fig. 2.3). The study showed that considerable high-frequency (>10 kHz) hearing loss already starts in the 30–39-year age group and increases considerably in the next decade for both females and males.
Figure 2.3. Average pure-tone audiograms in dB HL in (A) men and (B) women grouped by their age in decades (the parameter is age group in years). The extended high-frequency range is zoomed for clarity.
Source: Reprinted from Jilek, M., Suta, D., Syka, J., 2014. Reference hearing thresholds in an extended frequency range as a function of age. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 136 (4), 1821–1830, with permission from the acoustical Society of America.
Source :
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/high-frequency-hearing-loss
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