I hope you know that reference is to DSD (native and PCM wrappers) only. When using native you can't apply anything to it including volume control so only as transport suitable. It's been talked about over and over and how it's not a bad idea to convert DSD to PCM 16 bit (bit perfect) and use it in some format with at least rudimentary compression (flac, alac...) when possible.
Huh that's complex question for simple answer but I will try. Google made audio driver on android supporting only basic sample rates of 44100 and 48000 Hz and it does use resasempling to only one of them. To which one it depends which one manufacturer choose. This leads to resasempling artifact when it does conversion from one base (44100 or 48000 and from multiple times higher one) to another. Those artifacts aren't significant and it's not something that community isn't doing itself tho usually too higher bitrate to minimise impact of such and for the use of convolers (convolution many points measured response inversion as EQ). You can l use audio players with their own embedded USB Audio 2.0 driver (UAAP, Hiby Music, FiiO, HF Player...) to connect directly to DAC. However this will be limited to what app supports regarding playback and only it's own output. On some phone's you also need to manually enable OTG support in order for DAC dongles to work (others do it by them self or it's permanently enabled). The UAAP & Hiby Music support by default bit perfect if receiving DAC and USB bridge support it. You can also do a PCM to DSD conversion with some of the players for instance HF Player (Onkyo) but you don't want that as it's pretty much very CPU intensive and sucks battery. As stated before those settings you asked about are only for DSD reproduction. Advise is to stuck to PCM and avoid DSD even as native format (in reproduction). CS43131 natively support up to DSD256 and wrapped PCM (other two) is usually up to DSD 2. It supports PCM up to 768kHz with sample time of 32 bit integer. So if you want to do a conversation leave the rates as they are and do the times instead 16 to 32 bit tho DAC is limited to about 20 bit (in SINAD) as you get better volume control's (it really depends on how good such are implemented but if written very good you can get a little more SINAD when you rock them down which again can be important with very sensitive IEM's).
Only one type c plug. But make sure you are not trying to use a micro USB connector. Slightly smaller with a trapezoid cross section not the letter box of USB c
Could you share some pictures or a short video clip? That might help
