Fair play to you, you are engaging in the science part of all this far more than I could ever be bothered to do. But I have to ask you, you have been ploughing this furrow for a few weeks. What conclusions have you drawn, either from what you have done or what others have added/ discussed with you?
My assertion:
What I heard initially (when x16 was brand new) was unlikely to be expectation bias nor voltage matched issue between E30 and x16.
Like I mentioned multiple times, although my meter is not correct, it was consistent.
I am going to repeat this.
I have measured Topping E30 in 3 difference locations of my house, multiple audio setups, multiple different times and multiple dates.
Once I voltage matched it with L30 to certain voltage output at 1Khz, all subsequent 2khz, 3Khz, ... to 10 Hz voltage captured are within 0.001V of previous measurements.
Same result for KTB. No more than 0.001V difference.
So, why Gustard x16 showing as much as 0.004V difference in just 3 weeks used from brand new?
Lots of people here talked about controlled environment. But no one here can explain why my measurements for E30 is so stable.