As an appreciative lurker here, able to offer nothing but my interest in learning about the science of audio, I can offer a little here that may be helpful.
Efforts to estimate the number of states of mind, or thoughts, that we have each day ring in at 60,000 - 80,000! The neuroscience Connectome project has identified, at the macro level, what is called the default mode network (DMN), an anatomically distributed, functionally integrated system that is active when our mind wanders. Oh, perhaps it was a hugely adaptive advantage in our evolution to live in a community of minds each of which wandered apparently randomly to one then another extant issue or existential concern (have to check Grog’s wound; hmm, are we ready for weather change; oh ya, need to see what that night sound was…). Makes sense to me. So a wandering mind, intrusive thoughts, attention being stolen without our intention, is a feature of the human mind, part of our evolved chipset, and is not a bug. When we are focused on something, the DMN is not active. Yet the mind will wander even against our abiding will.
There are many forms of practices of meditation that exercise this other feature of the mind, our executive capacity to focus attention. We have this other capacity to be aware, different from becoming conscious when we wake up in the morning, to know that we know that we are so focused (hence homo sapiens sapiens - the wise human who knows s/he’s wise). Mindfulness, our capacity to pay attention in the present moment on purpose without judgement, is a capacity that can be strengthened with practice. All that we ever ever have is the present moment - yet the wandering mind persistently takes us to the mirage of the future and to reflections about the past. Note that our senses are present moment inputs only - that’s where we want to be to listen to music!
Some forms of practice (such as Zen) are a very pointillistic, intense application of present minded attention. Other practices, such as mindfulness (Vipassana) meditation, cultivate a relaxed present moment awareness that is suffused with gentle affects - relaxed, curious, open, grateful. I find these practices lend themselves best to audio - to hear rather than to listen, a sort of choiceless awareness of what the music is imparting, letting go of judgement that arises and returning to the soundscape….
How do we get better at anything? How do we develop skills in anything? It always requires practice, and lots of it, and the patience to keep practicing even when our wanting mind is dissatisfied with our progress… weeks, months, years of practice. Is it worth it?
Please understand that our engagement with the present moment has been crushed by our modern contingencies (which becomes our landscape of practices), that we don’t smell the coffee as much as we might think we do, taste our food, hear our kids… but instead we panic scroll, get caught up with conversations in our head, and get pulled away by the opportunity costs of not having our devices right in our faces.