"
The whole nine yards" or "
the full nine yards" is a
colloquial American English phrase meaning "everything, the whole lot" or, when used as an adjective, "all the way."
[1]
Its first usage was the
punch line of an 1855
Indiana comedic short story titled "The Judge's Big Shirt."
[2]
The earliest known idiomatic use of the phrase is from 1907 in
Southern Indiana.
[3] The phrase is related to the expression
the whole six yards, used around the same time in
Kentucky and
South Carolina. Both phrases are variations on
the whole ball of wax, first recorded in the 1880s.
[4] They are part of a family of expressions in which an odd-sounding item, such as
enchilada,
shooting match,
shebang or
hog, is substituted for
ball of wax.
[4] The choice of the number nine may be related to the expression "
To the nines" (to perfection).
Use of the phrase became widespread in the 1980s and 1990s. Much of the interest in the phrase's
etymology can be attributed to
New York Times language columnist
William Safire, who wrote extensively on this question.