I have finally had the time to do some proper measurements of the optical port on a Samsung S90C.
The measurements are pure digital and done on a Soundblaster sb1040 soundcard with optical in and out ports. The firmware of the tv is 2202 (Tizen 9).
See the attached REW file for closer inspection.
Basically, the Samsung S90 Optical port does not alter the sound in terms of EQ as it shows a dead flat frequency response. The data shows that some alteration is done to the source signal. My source signal was 32 bit 48kHz, but I think that the 32bit data is truncated to 24bit. I need to inspect the received data closer to say for sure, but all in all, the data looks very good.
As for latency:
Samsung S90C with Digital Delay set to '0':
View attachment 521967
Samsung S90C with Digital Delay set to '250':
View attachment 521968
HDMI audio extractor (Nordic SGM-244):
View attachment 521969
As one can see, the Samsung S90C have a latency of 93.3ms. This is the same no matter which mode the TV is set to. I tried 'PC' with and with game-mode and also for 'Console', but it always came up with the same number. However the excellent Nordic SGM-244 HDMI audio extractor shows a latency of only 6.9ms. This is well within the range to use for guitar hero or other real-time sensitivity content.
A note on USB audio:
I have tried the USB audio for a while, but it simply struggles with pops and clicks after a short amount of time (say 10-15 minutes of use). It also forces all content to be played at 44.1 kHz. The pops and clicks makes it useless for myself, so I didn't bother to measure it.