There is no comparison between a modern digital vs a vinyl record. Across any number of turntables, any cartridge combination you can dream up.
That's not my experience.
But the problem tends to hide in claims like "there is no comparison." That's a pretty mushy metric to do on, and seems very subjective, particularly when it comes to individual perception of the sound. I find the claim to be exaggerated.
As I've been at pains to point out, I'm not in the "vinyl is superior" camp. More in the "vinyl generally tends to sound different in some ways that I often enjoy" camp.
But, as I have said earlier, though we can point to technical advantages in digital over vinyl in terms of lower distortion and accuracy, in practical "how do they actually sound?" terms, I find that really good analog/vinyl can sound very competitive with digital. I've compared some vinyl and CDs that came from the same master; in some cases the vinyl departed more, some cases less. In some cases the vinyl sounded very much like the digital version and to my ears matched it in "sound quality" note for note. Yes, there was a slight departure in sound, a bit of the "vinyl signature" in the vinyl, but it in no way could I ever agree with an assessment that there was "no comparison" between the digital and vinyl. To me they sounded equally great, just a tiny bit different, and often I actually preferred that difference in favour of vinyl (a bit more "textural presence" that made it sound a little more "believable' to me, e.g. the sound of drums being a bit more convincing).
I have some soundtracks on vinyl that I've compared to their digital counterparts - that includes comparing original vinyl from the analog master and the CD version, and also newer vinyl releases of soundtracks where both the vinyl and CD came from the same new digital re-master.
Do the digital versions smoke the vinyl versions? Hell no! Not to my ears. I've been listening to the digital version of, for instance, Star Trek The Motion picture for many years but I recently got a sealed copy of the original '79 vinyl and it sounds GLORIOUS! Warm, present, strings have that silky "real strings" quality vs the CD sounding more canned and sampled-strings-like. I find a smaller, but somewhat similar difference between the re-mastered version of this score, which was recently released on CD and vinyl from the same digital master. Does the vinyl version depart to some degree from pure technical accuracy? No doubt, it sounds a bit different for various reasons. The end result is that, while the digital version sounds a tiny bit more "pure" in terms of low distortion, the vinyl version to my ears has other aspects that "sound great" - e.g. strings seem to sound slightly more organic, silky, present and "real" to me.
If we were listening to the same comparisons I can imagine you might disagree and prefer the digital versions. But you'd have a very hard time making the case to me that what I was hearing from the digital sounds so much better "there is no comparison." Vinyl is one kludge after another, but wow can it ever sound good despite...or sometimes because?...of those kludges.