MDF is horrible for screws. If it is a screw that you think you might remove and reinsert more than just a few times, it is better to use threaded inserts. To do threaded inserts you need to use a jig of some sort both for drilling the hole and for screwing in the insert. A drill press can be useful in particular circumstances. With gluing the mating surface areas need to be bigger than with most any wood for two reasons. The glue doesn't soak in very far, and the MDF will too easily pull apart behind the glue. I've used it but my sense is that from the standpoint of intrinsic damping it is only slightly better than other common materials such as plywood. The knuckle test indicates that the difference is not strong, and you step over to where you find the composite material used for outdoor decking, the difference is dramatic. The material used for outdoor decking is much more pliable and at the same time seems to be be more dense. Very heavy but bends a lot, maybe too much to be useful for cabinet construction, but not a lot of reinforcement should be needed to stiffen up as needed.
There are a number of good subwoofer kits, some with knock-down cabinets and a lot more without. But I've explored this option repeatedly by doing a cost comparison, and the conclusion is that the rationale for building a subwoofer has to be something besides saving money. By the time you've bought the amp and all the other stuff you end up buying, glue, wood screws, maybe clamps if you don't already have them, you'll have spent considerably more than what the SB-1000 costs. For hobbyists the motivation is not cost savings. I'm somewhere in the middle, but ultimately I can't see doing all the work needed to end up with a nice subwoofer unless it is going to save me money compared to what I would spend on a subwoofer like this one.