This excellent thread, although not formally held to the rigors of actual research and QA testing, is a great example for those unfamiliar with QA methods and testing protocol development. Asking lots of questions based on experience and observations is essential. Then those involved in the actual testing can evaluate the issues and suggestions, and do the testing. Once satisfied with the results, testers can then decide which tests to use for a more efficient evaluation of such issues in the future.
I am curious about the extent and thoroughness of the QA testing by companies like SMSL and Topping, but would guess that, unlike the individually tested products (I assume) from companies like Benchmark, companies that manufacture low-cost audio components would use standard statistical QA methods to select units for random testing.
However, with $300-600 products like the M500, I expect a bit more thoroughness in QA. For the products like the SMSL M500, and my larger and heavier Topping DX7s (a DAC/HA that I purchased for $360 via [Mass]Drop), my expectations are for greater reliability and longevity - and more consistency in performance than with the $100+/-$50 components.
Actually, I consider the under $150 Chinese DAC's DAC/HA's, DAC/Amps, HA's, and Amps to be "disposable" products. One simply tosses them in the trash and replaces them when they break or die after the money-back return period or warranty expires.