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NTTY was right! Lowering preamp gain may increase it's dynamic range

mcochris

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In his comprehensive review of the Yamaha C-2 preamplifer, @NTTY mentioned in this post that reducing a preamp's gain may increase it's dynamic range. My preamp (Yamaha C-5000) allows me to reduce it's gain by 6 or 12dB, so I was wondering how I might get more DR. So I asked claude.ai to explain:

Someone on ASR said reducing the gain of the preamplifer could increase it's dynamic range. Is this true?

Great question, and the forum poster is likely correct — here's the reasoning:

Dynamic range = maximum undistorted output level − noise floor

So DR can improve if either the noise floor drops, the max output rises, or both.

Why reducing gain can lower the noise floor: The noise a preamp generates is largely set by its input circuitry — the first transistor/op-amp stage, input resistors, etc. That noise is relatively fixed regardless of gain setting. If the gain reduction is implemented after the primary noise-generating stage (e.g., in a later gain stage or output attenuator), the fixed input noise gets amplified less, so the noise floor at the output drops.

Why the maximum output may not drop equally: The output voltage ceiling is often limited by the output buffer/driver stage (which is constrained by the supply rails), not the main gain stage. So if you reduce the gain of an earlier stage, the noise floor falls but the output stage can still swing the same maximum voltage. Result: dynamic range improves by roughly the amount of gain reduction.

A secondary benefit: volume control position. With a lower-gain preamp setting, you typically need to run your volume control higher to reach the same listening level. If the volume pot sits before the main gain stage, a more-open pot means a stronger signal entering that stage relative to its own noise — improving SNR.

So there you have it folks. I'll leave it up to The Absolute Sound to effuse ad nauseam on the audible effects of lowering preamp gain. :rolleyes:

Thanks again to NTTY for the review and advice.
 
I did not see this one, but yeah the AI got it right, especially on the secondary benefit, which is what I was mentioning.

I checked my measurements, and see that with the Yam C-2. There is a 6dB improvement using the attenuation (-20dB) and pushing the volume to reach the same output voltage.

We would need to measure C-5000 to verify, though.
 
I think I trust NTTY more than l trust Claude.

PS. The problem with reducing gain is that the input signal level might not be high enough to reach the max output level that you need to register that dynamic range.

Preamps are tricky, it's all about gain staging, where you apply the right gain to optimise the dynamic ranges of both the source and the power amp.
 
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