As far as audio performance measurements, an oscilloscope can measure rise time. I like this feature for vintage audio gear. Some old transistors, opamps, and capacitor coupled amplifier designs are slow, and this is a source of distortion at higher frequencies. As such, the rise time at 10 khz is a common measure of audio performance which is used to compare amps/preamps and it can inform repairs and upgrades.
Edit: I don't know how relevant this is to modern gear. I think everything is sufficiently fast these days.