"All things being equal" is doing a lot of heavy lifting there. I already said, if two IEMs measure
exactly the same - like the Moondrop Starfield and Aria - they probably will sound identical. Particularly if they are coming from the same company and share the exact same shell and very similar drivers. And those two do.
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But this is not identical:
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I would agree that the "overall tonality" is similar. It is. But they don't sound the same. And there are obvious differences in the graph... you seem to just be handwaving these away as insignificant.
Another example would be the Moondrop Blessing 2 Dusk and Crinacle's KZ collaboration, the Zex Pro / CRN. They do have very similar overall tonality. They were tuned by the exact same guy to the exact same target. But they don't sound identical. The CRN has a treble timbre problem the B2D doesn't have, and that's evident in the graph. I'm not sure though that you could say that's the
only difference between them either.
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I don't hear differences between DACs unless they are very poor or have an audible noise floor. But you can see in these IEM FR graphs there are 5dB+ variances in places, and you seem to just be handwaving that away as insignificant because the curves are broadly similar. Any DAC that is measured here that gets a recommendation has variances in the small fractions of a dB across the entire frequency spectrum. Amir I believe stopped putting frequency response graphs in DAC reviews because they were all razor flat across the entire spectrum, the graph was identical in every review.
These are far bigger differences than that.