Correct me if I'm wrong. The following text is meant to be complementary to Norway.
Norway was and apparently still is, smart enough to stay out of the EU. This allows Norway to produce its oil and gas without limits from the EU. I believe Norway has been smart with its revenues and built-up a large sovereign wealth fund.
A relatively small population and the revenue from natural resources has been great for Norway and has allowed Norway a lot of flexibility in its dealings with the rest of the world including on imports, exports and tariffs. Most of Norway's neighbors in the EU are short natural resources, both energy and material.
Not being in the EU also allows Norway to subsidizes its farmers as it wishes without interference from the EU.
This is mostly correct, but we have a lot of agreements with EU and are to some extent asked to follow EU regulations. This is because we are apart of The Agreement on the European Economic Area (EEA). So we get many of the benefits of EU including access to the EU market, but in return have to follow various rules and regulations.