Excellent review
@amirm . Was the IMD graph done at low gain (it says "Log Gain" in the graph)? If you still have the DS3 can you measure it at high gain?
I've had my DS3 for a while now and found a few things with it, particularly:
1. DC offset at the 3.5mm output when no audio is playing
When no audio is playing the 3.5mm output has quite a large DC offset depending on the load impedance. Here's an annotated picture of a measurement with my Rigol DS1054Z oscilloscope. The DS3 was measured in high gain mode with volume at max.
View attachment 557800
I also measured it with my Fluke 189 multimeter with lower load impedances:
| Load impedance | Left (volts DC) | Right (volts DC) |
| 10k | 0.0386 | 0.0356 |
| 47k | 0.1275 | 0.1163 |
| 100k | 0.2425 | 0.2221 |
| Unloaded with Rigol 1054Z (1M) | ~1.8 | ~1.6 |
| Unloaded with Fluke 189 (10M) | 5.1440 | 4.6214 |
If connected to a DC-coupled amplifier that has a high input impedance this may trigger DC protection circuitry or even worse send it right through to the load. In practice I don't think there are many amps that don't have AC coupling capacitors on their unbalanced inputs or some sort of DC protection so it's probably not an issue for the vast majority of users.
@Sensi I sent this issue to Fosi Support back on April 7th and they replied that they had forwarded it to your engineering team. I've since updated to the 1.6.5 firmware that was briefly available and the DC offset is still there. I believe this may have to do with power saving features? Since the DC offset is 0V when silence is playing, perhaps this can be fixed by setting the XMOS streaming mode to "Always On" in firmware (so that it's fixed with all host devices), or expose the Streaming option in the Windows driver (so that it can at least be toggled on Windows machines), or if possible even have it as a "Power Saving" toggle on the Fosi Audio Audio Control Center web UI.
2. 3.5mm output inverts polarity
The 3.5mm output appears to invert polarity. Whether this is audible is up for debate but I believe preserving polarity is preferred.
View attachment 557807
@Sensi I reported this to Fosi Support on March 11th and received acknowledgement but wasn't told if it was sent to engineering. The ES9039Q2M has a DAC_INVERT register that should be able to fix this:
View attachment 557812
If inverting the 3.5mm output to correct polarity unintentionally inverts the balanced output (i.e. the balanced and unbalanced outputs have opposite polarity at the hardware level), perhaps a toggle on the web UI to invert the DAC output would be a good idea. This would give the user flexibility based on the output they use most.
3. Non-flat frequency response when upsampling is enabled
When upsampling is enabled on the web UI the frequency response of the DS3 drops about -3 dB at 20 kHz:
44.1 kHz sample rate
View attachment 557813
48 kHz sample rate
View attachment 557814
@Sensi I sent this to Fosi Support on May 11th but didn't receive acknowledgement. I tested it again with the 1.6.5 firmware and the issue still remains.
Other than these issues/quirks the DS3 sounds damn good with my Truthear Zero REDs. It's definitely an upgrade over the Apple dongle I was using previously.