How does this happen though? If the damn thing doesn't play music properly then who cares about the stratospheric SINAD? What's the point of a 120 dB dynamic range if the sound keeps dropping out altogether and then fading back in?! A dongle that behaves in this way might perhaps be useful as a keyring, but certainly not as a device for listening to digital music! Are there really companies that test their products and deem this behaviour acceptable - or don't even notice it? This new Fosi product is basically a total dud unless you want to use it with a phone, and yet it somehow got through the company's own R&D exercise and also received a full-throated recommendation here when the bloody thing can't even play a short track from start to finish without obvious problems.
As I write this I'm listening Bach keyboard concertos via an Arcam rPAC that was designed before Windows 11 was even a glint in Bill Gates's eye and it's working flawlessly - like a CD player!
I only discovered the existence of this device the rRac, from your mention of it. The initial cost was about $150, which recognises the higher value invested in products at that time. You will recall, in 2012, how many people would bother to use an external DAC, not that many, compared to today, and there were not that many similar products available.
But there are other issues at play here, and I do not want to sound discriminatory, but as someone who has bought audio converter products, since 1996 or 97, every few years, in the past, there was usually a distributor chain, through which we purchase such products, and there was marketing in magazines - paper magazines, which was how some of us discovered these products, and most of the design was not done in Asia, and sometimes the manufacture was also not done in Asia. Quality Control had to be much better, cos there was a long product cycle of at least a few years, before a new one was released. So it had to stand up to scrutiny and reliability. Can't recall I had heard about MQA in 2012..
So today, with increased competition, direct sales, via online stores, and predominantly manufacture as well as design now done in Asia, some of the quality control, has gone. Furthermore in the good old days, the hardware manufacturer would also develop their own drivers like RME does, not use a generic driver, that supports many other devices.
I have bought a total of about 10 or 11 devices for portable listening (IEM's and Dongle DACs) in 2024, and the only two with no issues whatsoever, in terms of quality control, are an Apple USB-C Dongle DAC and an Apple EarPod. I may not like the frequency response of the EarPod, cos my some of my other IEMs are so much better, to listen to, but product quality and reliability, the Apple devices are faultless. The only issue with the Apple dongle, is it insists on having a headphone/microphone cable connected, before the audio device is recognised in Windows 10, so every time I disconnect/reconnect the headphone/microphone from it, I have to reassign any audio apps to the device again, cos once disconnected, with the dongle still plugged in, the device "disappears". That's the design, I can't seem to be able to change this, with any settings.
Every other product, including the ones I'm generally happy with, such as a KZ CCA CRA IEM, ARTTI T10 IEM, and the Tempotec Sonata BHD, all have minor issues, The CRA's largest ear tips are too small for my ears, The Artti T10 seems to have a slight stereo imbalance and slight frequency response difference between the left and right - but that could be my own ears having an imbalance!, and the Tempotec definitely has a worsening stereo imbalance over time, cos ever few hours, if I disconnect and reconnect it, the stereo balance improves! That last one is a bit strange, cos I would expect a DAC, to have no discernible left to right differences, when playing back a mono signal, and would not expect the stereo balance to worsen over time. Really strange.
But this is a case of - we pays for what we get. Apple sells tons of these Dongles and Earpods, and any design cost has been recouped ages ago, most of the Asian based manufacturers of these devices are still in a startup phase.
In a way, it's a bit of a lesson, for me. I can now appreciate why institutions and professional studios will spend hundreds and thousands to buy devices from RME or Antelope Audio, or UAD, etc, etc, which may not measure as well as a Tempotec Sonata BHD or a Fosi Audio DS2, but these other devices, especially RME's are in service for decades, with decades of continuing software driver support.
In fairness, the focus of test on this forum, as well as in most magazines, are directed at only one aspect of the performance of a product, sonic quality, and cannot cover usability issues, or reliability issues - these other issues are not that interesting, and would be a humongous effort and an expensive one, needing a large team. In the case of audio products, its a bit pointless to test reliability, as a reviewer, cos by the time all the issues with the product's reliability may have become apparent, a new one is already out, and the product may have been discontinued.
It is what it is, the outstanding products with legendary reliability, from RME, Chord, Apple are all there - cost in some cases a fair amount more than the products designed in Asia, and in some cases we may need to sacrifice a bit of measured audio performance, cos their primary focus is NOT the chasing of inaudible but measurable extremes of superb sonic quality, but the whole package, including usability and end user support, for which we have to pay more, a lot more.
Nevertheless, in the areas where the cheaper products excel, it provides a window for many, into what better quality would sound like, without having to spend too much initially. When I do have some extra cash, I look forward to higher quality and more reliable product acquisitions, but the cheaper products have given me a good idea of what to look out for when investing more, so they do have their uses. It's not all bad.
The point I made about MQA above was - features. These small scale manufacturers of dongles have to pack in so many features, such as support for DSD, balanced outputs, with enough power from a USB port, and also try not to use too much power - so they do not drain batteries of a smartphone, then add volume knobs, and different gain settings, - its a lot of features, then they have to sell these for peanuts. That's part of the issue, to do all this properly, needs a bigger budget. Someone has to pay for all this. We.