Please
do not discuss the acoustic properties of down-firing ports here!
Please discuss
only dust entering the loudspeaker enclosure. Thanks in advance.
Does a down-firing port result in less dust inside the enclosure than a horizontally mounted port?
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The air only moves back and forth a little in the bass reflex tube, and always at the same rate.
If you do the math, then the outside air does not reach far enough into the bass reflex channel during operation. With a 10" chassis, the bass reflex tube would have to be significantly shorter than 6cm when the chassis is fully deflected. And even then, the dust would not have time to settle, except minimally in the tube. During normal operation, the air only moves back and forth a few millimeters to maybe 1-3 cm.
If you observe dust in a closed living room in sunlight, you will notice that dust tends to fly up rather than sideways when it is stirred up. This means that the vertical bass reflex tube near the floor, where most of the dust is, is much more susceptible, as most of the dust settles on the floor and is stirred up. It could also suck up or stir up a lot more dust from the floor during operation.
Just look at PC cases that stand on the floor and whose intake openings are near the floor - they are the ultimate dust collectors.
I have opened and restored/modified 20-40 year old speakers many times and dust inside has never been a problem. Regardless of whether there are large bass reflex tubes on the front or back. There was always a layer of dust on the bass reflex tubes, even on vertical ones.
Passive membranes would prevent dust completely.