Okay, to answer those questions as best I can.
I got a V50, the price was just unbeatable ($300), but for portable, and size considerations, I'd recommend folks go with a G8 (and it's cheaper at around $270 brand new on Ebay I've seen). They're both pretty new flagship devices, so they should serve music purposes very easily for ages, and likewise mobile use regardless. The V50 here in the US is Sprint branded, but unlocked, though it comes with CMDA and Sprint-type bloatware, so the G8 makes even more sense to avoid that nonsense.
Most phones you buy today should come stock with Android 9, so none of this I mentioned in my prior post about Android 10 should be an issue. (but just check to make sure)
5G is far too in it's infancy to matter. Ignore this in totality tbh..
Seeing as how you've used some of the best DACs (I too have an RME), I wouldn't bother with any other android phone outside of LG, as that's the only one that's been measured here, and can expect reasonably good performance (I honestly find it just as good as my RME to my ears believe it or not).
As for SIM cards, it depends, I don't know what format you use, but at least on AT&T, a simple SIM swap was all I needed, though how contacts are handled is odd, due to be coming from an iPhone, but I was able to import contacts relatively painlessly since Apple provides a format container that stores all your contacts, and Android is able to accept such thing. Also if your SIM card isn't the new small variant, you will need to get one of that sort for it to even fit in the tray. The latest format I think is Nano-SIM, so if it's that size, you're good to go I'd imagine.