More experiments with moving the speakers or microphone: (this is vector sum relative to rms sum)
As you can see, even if I move stuff around (which is not a viable solution in practice, anyway), it's all pretty much crap.
Placing the speakers on the floor doesn't really solve anything either, which makes me pessimistic about the idea of using subs placed on the floor close to the mains to work around the problem.
I guess one option I haven't considered is to replace the bass traps with
tuned bass traps specifically designed to fight these problematic frequencies. But I'm reluctant to go through the hassle given I have no idea if it would actually work…