"Voltage distortion in dB will always be twice as negative (in terms of the absolute value) as power distortion for the same percentage."
Comparison:
- Voltage THD: 0.01% converts to -80 dB.
- Power THD: 0.01% converts to -40 dB.
I actually think that way of putting it adds to the confusion. What is "voltage THD"? What is "power THD"?
If we are measuring (signal in volts)/(distortion in volts), expressing it as a dB ratio, the 10 dB per 10X rule applies.
If we are measuring (signal in SPL)/(distortion in SPL), expressing it as a dB ratio, the 10 dB per 10X rule also applies.
The critical thing is whether the numerator and denominator are in the same units, like in the two examples above.
When the numerator and denominator are
different units, then the linearity of the relationship between the two units comes into play.
For example (and this is the common way of expressing voltage distortion as dB of SPL):-
- SPL is proportional to power, and power (hence SPL) varies as the square of voltage, with an exponential power of 2.
- Hence if the voltage ratio of distortion to signal is 1 in 10,000, the SPL ratio of distortion to signal will be 1 in (10,000 squared), ie 1 in 100,000,000. And that's why the dB is -80 dB instead of -40 dB.
It would
not be right to suggest that when the ratio of two voltages is 1 in 10,000 (0.01%) and the ratio of two powers is 1 in 10,000 (0.01%), that they convert to different numbers in dB (-40 dB being the case in both instances).
cheers