cirrus hump

  1. jkim

    Review of TRN Black Pearl: Portable USB DAC & Headphone Amp with 10-band PEQ

    Important Update (8/16/25) WalkPlay/TTGK is another company reacting to the issue of DRE-induced distortion associated with the CS431xx chips! A new firmware release for the TRN Black Pearl changed a key parameter related to DRE operation. With this firmware installed, the Black Pearl does not...
  2. jkim

    Test of "Cirrus Hump" Distortion of Apple MacBook Air Audio Output

    After writing my recent review, "On the Distortion of Cirrus Logic CS431xx-Based Devices: A Comparative Review", I wondered if the same anomaly exists in other electronic devices that rely on Cirrus Logic D/A converter (DAC) chips, in particular Apple MacBook products that still provide analog...
  3. jkim

    On the Distortion of Cirrus Logic CS431xx-Based Devices: A Comparative Review

    TL;DR / Changelog [5/20/25] Eleven DAC/HP amp combo devices adopting either the Cirrus Logic CS43131 or CS43198 were tested, and seven of them were found produce the distortion dubbed a "Cirrus hump." Based on measurements from multiple sources (including this review), a list of...
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